Oil burner



Oct. 11, 1932. s. A. KRAFT ET AL OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 16. 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet jwuc'nto'o Jelmer A lfl'a/b, Mathias eI/Vais,

Oct. 11, 1932. s. A. KRAFT ET AL OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 16. 1929 4 Sheets-Shget 2 Fig/K Zlwvwntoz Sal/m6? A. IfY'dff/ Mathias JMai s Oct. 11, 1932. s. A. KRAFT ET AL OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 16. 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 gwuwntoz 861mm" Mathias zIMaILS Och 1932- s. A. KRAFT ET AL 8 OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 16. 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR Selmer A. fi m ft l' JMaLs.

I: RNEY Patented Get. 11, 1932 a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

SELMER A. KRAFT AND MATHIAS J. MAIS, or s'r. PAUL, MINNESOTA; SAID KRAFT v ASSIGNOR TO SAID MAIS 'oIL BURNER Application filed August 16, 1929. Serial No. 386,251.

Our invention relates to oil burners, particularly adapted for use in connection with furnaces to supply hot water,hot air, or steam lant. a a p Among the'objects of our invention, is the providing of improved means for the thorough mixing of air, and particularly heated and moistened air, with the burning oil jet.

A further object is to provide improved means 1a in connection with the vaporizing and oil jet openings to bring about the maximum of vaporization and to keep the oil out of contact with metal parts; and a still further ob ect- 7 is to provide improved simple means for reg-- ulating the flame, and in other ways to provide improvements to bring about the maximum heating effect from the burning oil jets with the minimum expenditureof oil.

These and other features of the invention 2Q will be more specifically set forth in the following descriptioii "and the accompanying drawings, wherein: a c

Figure 1 is a ,VlBW in side elevation of a furnace fitted'with our improved burner, with the walls of the furnace shown broken away to better illustrate the burner.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view through the burner mechanism.-

Figure 3 is a bottom zit-mechanism.

Figure 4 is a sectional View on line Hot Figure 7-2. I I

' Figure 5'is a sectional view on linei55 of view of the burner Figure 2, looking down, and with the dome,

;: removed. a ,V'Figure 6 is a side elevation of an air gap ad= justing mechanism; and a Figure? is a View similar to F igurer2, showing a slightly modified constructiomfire brick 'ifpacking material which is employed to fill an annular chamber in the lower portion thereof.beingomitted'from theleft hand sec tional View of this chamber to more clearly illustrate the construction .thereofl 5 In carrying out any inventiomthe burner mechanism is supported within. the firepot in the furnace A andconnected as by apipe 2 to a source 3 of oil supply. The burner mechanism includes a central base B supported upon f a surrounding base ring section 4E, which, in

turn, is supported upon standards 5 resting upon the furnace foundation. The central base section B is formed with a circumferential chamber 6, which chamber at one side of the burner, is connected at its lower end to the oil inlettube 2, a suitable screen 7 being positioned in the bottom of the chamber to support the chamber filling 8, as of crushed the brick. The chamber 6 is formed with a channel 9 below the screen 7 to act as an entrance for the oil being fed from the pipe 2.

To provide thechamber 6, the base B is formed'with an annular channel, the sides of which constitute the side walls of the chamber, the top wall of the chamber being formed by'a curved plate 10 which rests upon the top of the base B and, by a hood 11 which extends upwardly outside of and inwardly over the outer-wall of the base B, as shown particularly'inFigure 2, said hood member the space between the platelO and hood 11 I and above the filling chamber 6, isfilled with a ring of suitable non-metallic material 60, as asbestos, through which extends the verticalports 14 connecting with horizontal jet delivery ports 15. The base B is formed with a central, upwardly projecting tubular member 16', a circumferential channel 17 being formed around the bottom of the tubular portion 16. A port opening 18 passes through the plate 10, connects the'space above said plate with the channel '17, the channel 17 being connected at its lower end with the elbowed pipe 19, which pipe 19- leads to a drip cup 20 ofusual construction, which drip cup in the usual way is connected with a shut oiivalve 21 positioned in the oil pipe 2. Any

collection of oil, therefore, upon the plate 10 will pass throughthe port opening 18' and channel 17 to the pipe 19 and to the drip cup 20, and, in the usual manner, as the drip cup becomesfilled thereby, it will drop, closing oii the oil supply through the pipe 2, stop-' pmgthe operation-of the burner, necessitat ing the emptying of the drip-cup and restorlot ing it to normal position to permit the resumption of burner operation. 7 y

' The member 4 of the annular base portion has the upper edge 51 of its wall serrated as shown particularly in Figure 6. Supported upon the basesection 4 is a hood 22, the side walls of the hood 22 having serrated bottom edge 23 corresponding to the edge 21 of the base portion the wall. 23 of the hood 22 resting u'ponthe wall 21 of the vbase portion. The hood 22 at its upper en'dcurves inwardly over the top of the central base portionB and is spaced therefrom, as show-n in Figure 2. The hood 22 is rotatablyemovable H intlie'tube 16 and supported upon the furupon the base portion 4 causing a relative movement between the cam surfaces provided by'the superposed "serrated-surfaces 23 and 51 to raise and lower the member 22 toregulate-the opening between it and the top of.

the central base portion'B by means of arms 24 operated through a suitable handle portion 25. The angle of the sloping faces of the serrations 23 and 51 is less than the 11miting angle of friction so that when adjusted the parts will remain in an adjustedposit-ion until moved .by'means'of thehandle 25.. Tu this manner the hood. 22 maybe rotated in either direction to raise or lower'it up'on'its supporting base section 4; This adjustment is provided to permit regulation of the amount of -air supplied to the burner as the incoming air passes through the ap between the inner edge of the curved upper portion of the hood 22 and the inner edge of theinwardly flanged upper portion of the memlower end of the dome is, as shown in Figure 2, laterally spaced from the-central tube 16 and also spacedffrom theupper por-' tion of: the base section B and the hood 22. The centraltube 16at its upper end supports a horizontal bafile ring 29,'thebafile ring carrying theupwardly projecting fins 27 and the downwardly projecting fins 30 hearing against the sides of the tube 16. The baffle ring maybe an integral part of the, dome unit 'restin u on the tube 16. An outwardl fiare g i Y ing spreader cone 31 is supported above the central opening'in the bafifle ring 27 by means ofa. vertical p1pe-32 positioned centrally.

nace foundation, the pipe 32 at its lower end being connected by a pipe 33 with an outside source of water supply.

The water supply is controlled by a conveni tional float valve not shown, niounted in chamber 34 to maintain the water at all times at a desiredheight in the pipe 32.

For the purpose of preliminary and auXiliary heating, as hereinafter more particularly pointed out, the casing B. is formed with an annular chamber 35 which is connected with asource ofgas supply,as by the pipe 36. The plate 10 above the chamber 35 is formed with jet openings "38 extending 1 through theiplate and directed outwardly. 39 indicates a thermo-control connected as by chains 40 with valve mechanism"positioned'in connection with the oil supply. pipe 2} This thermo-controlforms-no novel part of our invention and is, therefore, not specifically'shown and described.

The burner mechanism above described is, as shown, surrounded by a filling 34, as of fire brick, filling the space between it and the:

inner side of the wall of the-furnace.

Figure 7 shows a slightly modified construction of burner. In the construction shown in Figure 7' a chamber 6a is formed at its lower end with a lateral recess 41 around 3 its lower outer edge separated from the filling of the chamber 6a by a suitable screen 42.

An oil pipe 2a feeds into this recess 41 so that the oil passes laterally into the filling 8a of. t the chamber 6a instead of through the bot-- tom of-the chamber 6, as shown in Figure Furthermorain the construction. shown in Figure 7, the Tcasing Ba is not formed with a chamber such as the chamber 17 communi- 4 cating with drainage openings 18 through the plate 10 in Figure" 2, but a pipe 19a extends through the chamber 6a and projectsabove the plate 10a to receive the oil overflow. Also, in this modified form, in substitution for the 'hood 11 of the previously described construction, we support upon the top of the casing B, a chambered ring v44, a gas pipe 36 connecting with theinternal chamberv43" of said ring. Jet openings 45 are directed from the chamber 43 throughthe inner wall of the ring 44'toward the dome 26. A filling of asbestos is fitted between the ring 44 mine 1 chamber 6a and has outlet oil openings'14a and 15a'corresponding' to the openings 14 and '15 shown in the previously described 1 construction of Figure 2. We, also, in" Figure 7 show posts 46extendingupwardly from shown in Figure 2. live may provide a gas pilot light jet 47 regulated by a handvalve 48 if'this method of ignition is desired. JAsi'de from the structural differences noted, the

the b'afiie plate 29a and corresponding in function to the fins 27in the construction construction shown in Figure 7 is essentially the same as that shown in Figure 2. V v I For the purpose of'ignition, we may use any ordinary methods of ignition, as a pilot 1 light, electrical ignition, etc.

- the burner will pass upwardly through the,

will be'ignited forming Such ignition maybe arranged in connection with the oil feed andimay be arranged in connection with the gasgjets, and the oil. and gas jetsma'y-be thermostatically and otherwise controlled in any desired manner. Such methods of ignition and thermostatic control are well known to the art, and, since they form no part of the present invention, it is not deemed necessary to illustrate-and describe them in detail.

Before the oil supply is turned on, the heatingeefliect of the burning gas jets from the jet'openings- 88or 45, as-the case may be, will be to preliminarily'heat' the parts, and the moistened air passing frominside the dome around the bottom of the dome and outwardly through the outlet passage around the dome. As will be apparent, air from below tube 16 and take up moisture from the evaporated water through the open top of the spreader cone 31. As the oil then passes from the outlet jet openings 15, the oil' vapor a burning jet to continue theheating operation and furnish the flame that: heats up the water or other mediumin the furnace from which the heat is supplied; By suitable means the gas such as a thermostatic valve of an ordinary type, not-shown, may be turned off when the burning oil jets getinto operation.

""lhere aremany advantages in our construction overthe ordinary types of oil burners." The introduction of water vapor into the airsupplied to the burner produces a cleaner and more efiicient flame than is the case where no water vapor is supplied. The gas feed arrangement described brings about a particularly efiicient preliminary heating chamber 8, with i complete vaporization of the dome and connected parts, increasing the efficiency of the apparatus. The filled the adjacent non-metallic substance, as asbestos, through which the oil outlet openings pass, brings about a ve of the oil, aswell as out ofcontact with outlet openings from particularly eilicient keeping the oil vapor metal, keeping the oil becoming clogged. A

method of adjusting the air supply passing upward within the hood 22 is secured by the mechanism shown particularly in Figure 6. In furnishing the oxygen to the oil feed, there is first the moistened air which passes from inside the dome around the bottom of the I eiiicient combustion dome, and, second, the dry air which passes upwardly inside the hood 22 and out above the oil jet openings. We havefound that in this way we bring about a most complete and and high elliciency of heating, and avoiding the collecting of unconsumed oil which might drain backand shut off the burner.

Such thermostatic, orother means as are requirechvfor controlling the gas and oil "supply, constitute no part of the novelty of our invention and may be of any desired usualconstruction. These devices are well known to. the art and are, therefore, merely indicated conventionally and not specifically shown and described. 7

.Thebaifle plate 29 within the dome, standing in the path, as it does, of the outfiowing air and moisture, assists in properly battling or co-mingling the moisture and air so that the air may pass out of the dome in a properly moistened condition being heated by flowing down the inside wall of the dome, and, striking plate 10 has a tendency to heat said plate to bring about a gasifying of the oil in the chamber 6. The. parts surrounding the chamber 6, of Figure 2, or chamber 6a of Figure 7, are heated during the operation of the burner, so that the oil in said chambers is vaporized and emerges from said chambers through the apertures 15 as oil vapor, where it will be pickedup by the air streams coming one from below the lower edge of the dome and one from the space between the members 11 and 22, or their corresponding parts in Figure 7. The oil vapor mixed with this air is carried up into the combustion area where it is burned. In the construction of the modified form, as shown in Figure 7, the dome 26a is not insulated as in Figure 2, but is made ofhigh fire resisting metal and the hood 22a has a high fire resisting ring 22?), and as the flame moves outwardly around the dome it heats the lower part of the dome 26a and the uppermost part of the hood 22a to a high temperature.

lVe claim:

1. An oil burner comprising a base supported in raised position above a surface upon which the device is mounted, a tubular member extending upwardly from said base and in open communication at its lower end with the space beneath said base, a hood mounted over said tubular member and spaced upwardly from the upper end thereof, the lower edge of said hood terminating short of said base, and the lower end of said hood being of larger diameter than the exterior diameter of said tube, an annular, non-metallic ring supported on said base and of larger diameter than the base of said hood and having an aperture therein directed inwardly, an oil chamber in communication with said aperture, and an annular wall spaced outwardly from said non-metallic ring and having the upperportion thereof curved inwardly above said non-metallic ring and spaced upwardly therefrom, the space between said non-metallic ring and said annular wall being in open communication with the space beneath said base.

I 2. Anfoil burner having a bulbous hood, open at the lower end thereof only, air supply means having open communication with the interior of said hood, and an annular ring surrounding the open lower end of said hood,

spaced outwardlytherefrom, said ringlhaving anaperture supply in open communication with said aperture.

EnAn 'oil' burner having a bulboushood open at'the lower end thereof, air supply means having open communication with. the

interior of said hood, an annular ring surrounding the open lower end of said hood spaced outwardly therefrom, said ring having an aperture directed inwardly toward the base ofsaid hood and having a sourcelofoil supply in communication with said aperture, and an annular wall spaced outwardly from said annular ring, the space between said annular ring and saidannular wall being in open communication with a source .of air supply.

4:. An oil burner comprising a base, a bulbous hood open at the lower end thereof mount.-.

ed above said base, a source ofair supply in open communlcation with the interior of said hood, an annular ring spaced outwardly from ring and spaced outwardly therefrom,

the-open lower endof said hood, said annular ring having an aperture therein directed inwardly, said aperture being in communication with a source of 'oil supply, andan annular wall surrounding said apertured annular the upper portion of said wall being curved over 7 said apertured annular ring and spaced up-v wardly therefrom, the space between said apertured annular ring and said annular Wall being in open communication with a source of air supply. U

5. An oil burner having a base element with extension and having an a itubular'upward V therein 1n communication annular chamber with a source of oil supply, a non-metallic ring mounted in-the upper end ofsaid cham-. her and having an aperture therethrough. in

communication with said oil chamber, an annular wall exterlorly of sald chamber, having 7 the upper portion thereof curved inwardly open over said apertured ring, the spacebetween said chamber and said annular-wall being in ply, and a hood mounted over said tubular directed inwardly toward the j base of said hood and having'a source of oil communication with a-source of air sup;

-7.- An oilburner having abase platewith an upwardly extending tubular air intake member, a bulbous hood mounted over said air intake, member to have an air passage. from said air intake member totheinterior, of said hood, said hoodbeing supported tobespaced fronrsaidbase plate, bevel means mounted interiorlyzof said hood to direct air fromsaid air intake member toward the sidewalls of said hood, an aperturedi non-metallic. ring around the base ofllsaid hood, spacedwoutwardly therefrom,the aperture thereinzbeing directed toward the'base of said"hood-,-'and be ing in open communication with a source of oil supply, and an annular member above said non-metallic ringhaving an aperture directed inwardly toward the base of 'saidho od,zsaid aperture being inropen communication at its outer end with a source of air supply.

8.- An oil burner havinga hood open at the lower end and closed at-the upper end, ,a source of airsupply arranged to discharge interiorly of said hood, an apertured, none metallic ring exterior ofthe'hood, said aperture of said ring being directed toward the outer surface of said hood, said aperture being in open communication with a'source of oil supply, and a water compartment interior of said hood and having open communication above the water lev'e'l'thereinwith the interior ofsaidhood. J v;,

In testimony whereof we affix our signa-\ tures. v a, i

SELMER AJCRAFT.v

MATHIASJLMAISF v extension, the'base of said hood being'of 1 said hood,

smaller diameter than the apertured ring.

6. An oil burner having a hood, open at the lower end thereof, air supply means having open communication with the interior of a said hood, an annular, non-metallic ring sur- 7 rounding theopen lower end of said hood,

having an aperture directed inwardly toward the aperture being in c'ommuni-V cation with a source of oil supply, an annular wallsurrounding said non-metallic member, being curved over-the upper portion thereof and spaced upwardly therefrom," the space between the nonmetallic member and said annular Wallbeing in opencommunication with a source of air supply,'and an open contamer for water mounted within saldhood. 

